Furnace.



PATENTED MAR. 3, 1908.

J. 4H. BENNETT.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 28. 1007.

Tu: NURRIS PETERS co., WASHINGTON, D. c,

JAMES H. BENNETT, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

FURNACE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 3, 1908.

Application filed May 28. 1907. Serial No. 376.153.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMEs H. BENNETT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of

' which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to furnaces and more especially to furnaces inwhich gas, gasolene or oil is the fuel, and my object is to produce afurnace of this character having a maximum surface for heating the airpassing through it by direct conduction and radiation of heat. V

A further object is to produce a furnace in which provision is made forrapid and eflicient air circulation and for retarding the progress ofthe products of combustion sufficiently to largely extract their heatingproperties.

A further object of the invention is to produce a furnace of simple,strong, durable and inexpensive construction.

With these objects in view the invention consists in certain novel andpeculiar features of construction and organization as hereinafterdescribed and claimed; and in order that it may be fully understoodreference is to be had to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1,is a central vertical section taken on the line Il of Fig. 2, with theburners in elevation. Fig. 2, is a horizontal section taken on the lineIIII of Fig. 1.

In the said drawing, 1 indicates the outer casing or shell of thefurnace, 2 is the bottom thereof and 3 an inlet opening for air at thebottom, the supply of air being brought from the inside or outside ofthe building containing the furnace, as preferred.

4 indicates the crown of the furnace provided with a suitable number ofair-exit openings 5, to communicate with the pipes 6 for conveying suchair to the rooms to be heated, and 7 is the escape pipe for conductingthe products of combustion to the chimney, not shown.

Arranged concentrically within and a suitable distance above the bottomof the casing or shell is a cylinder 8, to provide a combustion chamber,the bottom 9 of such cylinder being preferably of cast metal andprovided with downwardly opening sockets 10 to receive a plurality ofgas pipe or equivalent legs 11, set screws 12 securing the legs reliablyin the sockets.

13 indicates a radial tube connecting the cylinder with a door opening14 in the casing, said opening being controlled by a door 15 of anysuitable type.

The top of the cylinder is provided with a relatively large centralopening 16 as an exit for the products of combustion from the combustionchamber and extending through the cylinder around said opening is aseries of air tubes 17 which communicate at their opposite ends with theinterior of the casing 0r shell below and above the cylinder.

18 indicates a bar extending transversely across exit opening 16 andsecured to the top of the cylinder in any suitable manner, and dependingfrom a nut 19 resting centrally upon said cross bar, is a bolt 20, thehead of the bolt forming a support for the inverted conical deflector21. Vertically below the deflector and also within the cylinder areburners 22 and 23, the latter preferably consisting of two semi-circularring members with their ends abutting.

24 is a pipe extending downward from the burner 22 and parallel with thepipes 25 which are connected at their inner ends with the members ofburner 23, the pipes 24 and 25 extending out through tube 13 and belowdoor 15, and outward of the latter are connected to a supply pipe 26,suitable valves 27 being provided to control the passage of the fuelthrough said pipes 24 and 25.

28 indicates a tube cast with or secured to the cylinder around saidopening 16 and preferably tapering upward and provided at its upper endwith a circular groove 29 to receive the lower end of a short circularflange 30, depending from and surrounding an inlet-opening in the bottomof a cylindrical drum 34 of greater size than the combustion chamber;said drum being provided with a circular series of vertical air tubes 35which communicate at their opposite ends with the interior of the shellor casing.

36 indicates an escape tube secured at its upper end in pipe 7 and deending centrally through the top. of the dr fim 34, and said tube ispreferably of less diameter than air tubes 35.

As shown the furnace is designed primarily for burning natural gas orgasolene though it is to be understood that the heavier oils may beburned by the use of suitable burners, it being further understood thatthe special type of burner is immaterial.

To operate the burner the gas or volatile oil is turned on and ignitedby introducing a lighted match or taper through the door opening, thedoor being then closed by preference, especially when gas is used as thefuel. The flame from the lower burner, which it will be noticed isprovided only with side perforations, is intended to impinge upon thetubes 17 and the wall of the cylinder, the heat thus produced radiatingoutward from the cylinder and into the tubes, so as to respectively heatthe surrounding and inclosed air and facilitate its circulation orupward movement in the casing or shell around the cylinder and upthrough the tubes. The flame from the upper burner which preferably hasits jet orifices in its upper side, impinges u on the deflector 21 an isspread outward y the latter so as to impinge upon the upper portions oftubes 17, said deflector being of sufficient size to materially contractthe exit opening 16 so as to retard the upward passage of the fumes orproducts of combustion therethrough and thus more effectively andquickly effect the heating of the tubes and cylinder and raise thetemperature of the air as it passes from the inlet opening 3 to a pointabove the cylinder in the shortest possible time. The fumes or productsof combustion then pass into the drum and because of the fact that theinlet opening thereto is of greater size than the escape pipe 36, theescape of such fumes and products of combustion is re tarded and thedrum is more completely filled and with its tubes becomes highly heatedand so maintained as long as the burners are in operation, the fumes andproducts of combustion eventually escaping up through pipes 36 and 7.The drum by contact and radiation heats the air passing up externallythereto because the space between the drum and casing or shell iscomparatively narrow and the tubes by conduction and radiation raise thetemperature of the air which circulates or passes upward therethrough.The hot air which passes u through tubes'35 mixes or commingles with theair which passes up around the drum and from the casing or shell passesoff through opening 5 and pipes 6 to the rooms to be heated in thecustomary manner. The flame can be regulated so as to vary the heatgenerated by the proper manipulation of the valves.

From the above description it will be ap parent that I have produced afurnace possessing the features of advantage enumerated as desirable andI wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be restricted to theexact details of construction shown and described as obviousmodifications will suggest themselves to one skilled in the art.

Having thus described the invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. A furnace comprising a casing or shell provided with an air inletopening at its lower end and an exit opening at its upper end and with adoor-controlled opening, a cylinder within the casing or shell andprovided with a central exit opening in its top, and with a tubeconnecting it with said door-controlled opening, air-pipes extendingthrough the cylinder and communicating at their upper and lower endswith the interior of the casing or shell, a burner in the cylinder, avalve-controlled supply pipe connected with the burner and extendingthrough said tube and shell or casing and adapted to direct the flameupon said air tubes, a drum within the casing or shell and. above thecylinder and provided with a central opening in its lower end incommunication with the exit openingof the cylinder, an escape pipedepending into the drum to convey the products of combustion therefrom,and a series of air pipes ex tending up through said drum andcommunicating at their opposite ends with the interior of the casing orshell.

2. A furnace, comprising a casing or shell provided with an air-inletopening at its lower end and an exit opening at its upper end and with adoor-controlled opening, a cylinder within the casing or shell andprovided with a central exit opening in its top and with a tubeconnecting it with said door-controlled-opening air-pipes extendingthrough the cylinder and communicating at their upper and lower endswith the interior of the casing or shell, a burner in the cylinder, avalve controlled supply pipe connecting udth the burner and extendingthrough said tube and shell or casing and adapted to direct the flameupon said air-tubes, a tube secured to the top of the casing or shellaround said exit opening, and provided at its upper end with an inwardlyprojecting annular flange, a cross bar bridging the exit opening of thecylinder, a bolt depending centrally from said. cross bar, an invertedconical deflector mounted upon said bolt and disposed in the upper partof the cylinder, a drum in the casing or shell and provided with adepending tube communicating with it and secured upon the flange of thetube surrounding the exit opening of the cylinder, an escape pipedepending into the drum to convey the products of combustion therefrom,and a series of air-pipes ex tending up through said drum andcommunicating at their opposite ends with the interior of the casing orshell.

3. A furnace, comprising a casing or shell having an air-inlet openingat its lower end and air-exit openings at its upper end and providedwith a door-controlled opening, and an escape pipe, a cylinder withinthe drum and provided with a central exit opening in its top and withdepending legs resting upon the bottom of the casing or shell, a tubeconnecting the cylinder with the door-controlled opening, an invertedconical deflector sus pended in the upper part of the cylinder centrallyof its eXit opening, a pair of burners in the lower central part of thecylinder, valvecontrolled fuel-supply pipes connected to said burnersand extending out through the shell, air tubes extending verticallythrough the cylinder around the burners and deflector and communicatingat their opposite ends Y with the interior of the casing or shell, atube surrounding the exit opening of and rising upward from thecylinder, a drum supported upon said tube and communicating at its lowerend therewith, air-pipes extending vertically through the drum andcommunicating at their opposite ends with the interior of the casing orshell, and a pipe fitting at its upper end in said escape pipe anddepending into the drum to convey the products of combustion therefrom.

In testimony whereof I affiX my signature, in the presence of twowitnesses.

JAMES H. BENNETT. \Nitnesses H. O. RODGERS, G. Y. THORPE.

